Procedure · September 27, 2026
Summoned by FATA police for online fraud, hacking or insult: legal rights, fatal interrogation mistakes and technical defence lines.
Suspects have the right to a lawyer from the start of custody (CCP Art. 48), to be informed of charges and to remain silent. Avoid contradictory statements, deleting data or pressuring the complainant. Effective defence scrutinizes digital evidence: IP attribution, account ownership, authenticity and intent. Procedure · September 25, 2026
Step-by-step guide: reporting on the FATA website, drafting the complaint, required documents, SANA registration and follow-up.
Register with SANA, report on the FATA police website, file a formal complaint at a judicial e-service office. The prosecutor refers the case to FATA police for technical investigation and inquiries. A precise complaint with traceable data and specific requests (freezing, inquiries) drives results. Reputation & Extortion · September 24, 2026
Creating fake AI videos or images of someone's face or voice is a crime under Iranian law. Article 744, aggravation, takedown and proving fakery.
Altering someone's video, voice or image and publishing it in a way that damages their reputation is a crime under Art. 16 (IPC 744). If the content is obscene, the maximum penalty applies; the tool used makes no difference. Voice-clone scams asking family for money also constitute computer fraud. Crypto · September 22, 2026
Signal sellers, fake investment platforms and fraudulent exchanges: the offence, on-chain tracing, USDT freezing and the complaint process.
Luring victims into fake crypto platforms is fraud; online, Art. 13 of the Computer Crimes Law also applies. Blockchain transactions are traceable; funds reaching KYC exchanges or freezable stablecoins can often be frozen. Save TXIDs, wallet addresses and all platform communications; beware of 'recovery' scammers. Fraud · September 20, 2026
A legal guide for victims of fake SMS notices (judicial summons, subsidy, fines): the computer-fraud offence, urgent steps and how to file a complaint with FATA police.
Fake notice/subsidy SMS leading to a spoofed payment page is computer fraud under Article 13 of the Computer Crimes Law. Block your card, change passwords, preserve evidence and file with FATA police immediately. Fast action improves the chance of freezing the recipient account and recovering funds. Privacy · September 18, 2026
If your Instagram was hacked or the hacker demands ransom, unauthorized access and extortion are crimes. Recovery steps, complaint and evidence.
Unauthorized access to an account is a crime (Art. 1 Computer Crimes Law); deleting data falls under Art. 8. Demanding money to return the page can be prosecuted as threat/extortion. Pursue in-app recovery and a criminal complaint in parallel; document ownership and income. Crypto · September 16, 2026
Is buying Bitcoin and USDT legal in Iran? Cabinet and Central Bank regulations, the ban on domestic payments, crypto as property and contract tips.
Holding and trading crypto is not generally criminalized in Iran, but using it for domestic payments is prohibited by Central Bank rules. Courts treat crypto as property: non-delivery, theft and fraud claims are actionable. Contracts should specify coin, network, wallet, valuation and dispute resolution. Reputation & Extortion · September 15, 2026
If someone threatens to publish your private images, this guide explains penalties, urgent steps, common mistakes and confidential complaint options.
Threatening to publish private content is a crime (IPC Art. 669); publishing falls under Art. 17 of the Computer Crimes Law. Do not pay; preserve all chats and account IDs; make your profiles private. Complaints can be handled confidentially through your lawyer. Procedure · September 14, 2026
Is a screenshot enough? Preserving and presenting digital evidence, expert review, authenticity and fatal mistakes.
Screenshots and messages are admissible 'data messages' under the E-Commerce Law and criminal procedure rules, but often count as supporting evidence. Keep the original device, exported chats and raw media files. Never access the other party's phone to collect evidence—that is itself a crime. Reputation & Extortion · September 12, 2026
Publishing personal photos, chat screenshots or family videos without consent is a crime. Elements, penalties, takedown and damages.
Article 17 of the Computer Crimes Law criminalizes publishing private images or secrets without consent where it causes harm or dishonor. Sharing in a private group or with one person can suffice. You can seek takedown orders and moral damages alongside prosecution. Reputation & Extortion · September 10, 2026
Abusive comments, accusing someone of a crime in a story, spreading rumours: the difference between insult, defamation and false statements.
Insult (Art. 608), defamation (Art. 697) and publishing falsehoods online (Art. 18 Computer Crimes Law) are distinct offences. Fair criticism and genuine reviews are generally not crimes. Keep dated screenshots and direct links; the complaint deadline is one year from knowledge. Reputation & Extortion · September 8, 2026
Repeated harassment via SMS, calls, DMs or harassment pages is a crime. Relevant law and the complaint route.
Harassment via phone or telecom means is punishable under IPC Art. 641; threats add Art. 669. Log call times, screenshot messages and send one clear 'stop contacting me' message. Prosecutors can obtain SIM ownership from operators. Crypto · September 6, 2026
Guaranteed daily returns and downline recruitment: signs of a pyramid scheme, criminal liability and how to claim your money.
Fixed guaranteed returns paid from new deposits and income from recruiting are hallmarks of a pyramid scheme. Organizers may face fraud charges or, at scale, prosecution for disrupting the economic system. Knowing recruiters may be liable; group complaints speed up asset freezing. Fraud · September 5, 2026
Sudden withdrawals without your knowledge? Criminal liability, the bank's civil liability and the evidence to collect.
Using stolen card data to withdraw money is computer fraud (Art. 13). The bank may be liable if the withdrawal happened after you reported it or due to security flaws. Collect stamped statements, tracking numbers and proof of the time you reported. Reputation & Extortion · September 3, 2026
Creating a page with someone else's name and photo, impersonating a brand: legal charges, takedown and complaint.
Creating a profile in someone else's name can amount to computer forgery (Art. 6) and publishing falsehoods (Art. 18). If used to take money, fraud charges also apply. Report impersonation to the platform and file a criminal complaint in parallel. Fraud · September 2, 2026
Common tricks in online classified-ad scams, warning signs, criminal liability and how buyers and sellers can complain.
Three common scams: fake 'secure payment' links, deposits for non-existent goods, and the 'mistaken transfer' trick. All can be prosecuted as fraud; with a computer system, Art. 13 of the Computer Crimes Law applies. Never enter your PIN to receive money; check your real balance before returning any transfer. Online Business · September 1, 2026
Leaked shop and app databases, sale of phone numbers and national IDs: criminal and civil liability, preventive requirements for startups.
Stealing user databases is unauthorized access and data theft (Art. 12); selling private data also engages Art. 17. Businesses that fail to protect data may face civil liability and E-Commerce Law obligations. Minimise data, encrypt, log access and bind staff with NDAs. Privacy · August 31, 2026
Installing spyware, reading messages or tracking a partner: criminal liability, evidence validity and legal alternatives.
Installing spyware or accessing a spouse's accounts without permission can be unauthorized access (Art. 1) and interception (Art. 2). Marriage does not authorize privacy violations; such evidence may backfire. Use lawful routes—judicial inquiries, witnesses, preservation of evidence. Fraud · August 30, 2026
Ads offering 'daily income for renting your account' are a trap. Criminal liability, accessory to fraud, money laundering and defence.
Letting others use your bank account for pay can expose you to charges as an accessory to fraud or money laundering. Account holders are often the first people police reach in phishing and betting cases. If summoned, get legal advice before giving any statement. Crypto · August 28, 2026
Drained Trust Wallet, MetaMask or exchange account: technical causes, urgent steps, transaction analysis and criminal charges.
Moving crypto from another's wallet without permission is computer theft (Art. 12) or computer fraud (Art. 13). Move remaining funds to a new wallet, revoke approvals and record all TXIDs. A blockchain tracing report helps the judge target the right exchange or account. Procedure · August 26, 2026
The one-year deadline for complainant-dependent offences, prosecution limitation periods and the effect of withdrawal.
For complainant-dependent offences, the right to file lapses one year after learning of the crime and the offender (IPC Art. 106). Other offences are subject to prosecution limitation periods by penalty grade (Art. 105). Civil claims for damages are not bound by the one-year criminal deadline. Crypto · August 24, 2026
Home mining and use of subsidized or illegal electricity: legal charges, device seizure, power penalties and defence tips.
Mining is legal in Iran only with a licence and special electricity tariffs. Mining on household, agricultural or illegal connections can lead to penalties under the illegal utilities law and device seizure. Defences include billing calculation errors, customs documents and landlord/tenant responsibility. Online Business · August 22, 2026
Is an admin responsible for members' posts? Liability for publishing content, illegal ads and insults, plus preventive steps.
An admin who posts illegal content is the principal offender. For members' posts, liability usually rests with the author unless the admin knowingly approves, pins or reposts. Publish group rules, remove reported content quickly and vet advertisers. Crypto · August 20, 2026
Online betting is a crime in Iran. Liability of users, promoting influencers, gateway account holders and crypto conversion.
Gambling and betting, including online, are crimes under Articles 705–711 of the Penal Code (as amended). Operators and promoters face far heavier penalties than players. Account holders whose accounts carry betting funds risk prosecution and account freezes. Online Business · August 18, 2026
Copying posts, courses, product photos and software: author-protection, software and e-commerce laws, reporting and complaints.
Texts, photos, videos, courses and software are protected by Iran's author, software and e-commerce laws. Prove ownership with raw files, first-publication dates and registrations. Options: platform takedown, formal notice, criminal complaint and damages. Privacy · August 14, 2026
If your under-18 child committed or suffered hacking, insults or harassment online: juvenile criminal responsibility, parents' civil liability and protection.
Offences by under-18s are heard in juvenile courts with age-appropriate protective measures (IPC Arts. 88–89). Parents may bear civil liability for damage if they failed in supervision (Civil Liability Act Art. 7). If your child is a victim, preserve evidence and support them without blame. 
